This tutorial will be presented in three parts. Part 1 will introduce basic concepts in watermarking, including a variety of watermarking models. Simple watermarking algorithms will be presented to illustrate these concepts. A wide variety of potential watermarking applications will be discussed. Part 2 will examine specific properties of watermarks in more detail. The goal of this examination is the understanding and evaluation of these properties. Such an understanding should provide a foundation for developing new watermarking technologies, comparing available technologies, and selecting appropriate technologies for a particular application. Part 3 discusses informed watermarking. Informed watermarking refers to exploitation of all available knowledge during the coding and embedding processes. This often includes knowledge about the work being watermarked, knowledge about probable distortions introduced by the communications channel, and knowledge about the detection process. Many watermarking researchers are beginning to pursue these informed techniques and the instructors believe that introduction to this topic is essential for future watermarking research.

Tutorial Outline: This tutorial will be presented in three parts.

Part 1:  Introduction and Applications
  1.1 Concepts and Important Definitions
  1.2 Broadcast Monitoring
  1.3 Owner Identification
  1.4 Proof of Ownership
  1.5 Transaction Tracking
  1.6 Content Authentication
  1.7 Copy Control
  1.8 Device Control

Part 2: Properties
  2.1. Embedding Effectiveness
  2.2. Blind or Informed Detection
  2.3. False Positive Rates
  2.4. Cipher and Watermark Keys
  2.5. Robustness
  2.6. Security
  2.7. Fidelity and the Use of Perceptual Models
  2.8. Data Payload and Message Coding

Part 3: Informed Watermarking
  3.1. Informed Embedding
  3.2. Informed Coding

Ingemar J. Cox, Matthew L. Miller and Jeffrey A. Bloom are authors of the book "Digital Watermarking", published by Morgan Kaufmann, 2001.

Ingemar J. Cox received his B.Sc. from University College London and Ph.D. from Oxford University. He was a member of the Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Labs at Murray Hill from 1984 until 1989 where his research interests were focused on mobile robots. In 1989, he joined NEC Research Institute in Princeton, NJ as a senior research scientist in the computer science division. At NEC, his research interests shifted to computer vision and he was responsible for creating the computer vision group at NECI. He has worked on problems to do with stereo and motion correspondence and multimedia issues of image database retrieval, as well as watermarking. In 1999, he was awarded the IEEE Signal Processing Society Best Paper Award (Image and Multidimensional Signal Processing Area) for a paper he co-authored on watermarking. From 1997--1999, he served as Chief Technical Officer of Signafy, Inc., a subsidiary of NEC responsible for the commercialization of watermarking. Between 1996 and 1999, he led the design of NEC's watermarking proposal for DVD video disks and later collaborated with IBM in developing the technology behind the joint ``Galaxy" proposal supported by Hitachi, IBM, NEC, Pioneer, and Sony. In 1999, he returned to NEC Research Institute as a research Fellow.

He is a senior member of the IEEE and on the editorial board of both the International Journal of Autonomous Robots and the Pattern Analysis and Applications Journal. He has co-edited two books, Autonomous Robots Vehicles, and Partitioning Data Sets: with Applications to Psychology, Computer Vision and Target Tracking.

Matthew Miller began working in graphics and image processing at AT&T Bell Labs in 1979, and obtained a B.A. in cognitive science from the University of Rochester in 1986. Since then he has written several commercial software applications and delivered lecture courses at a number of universities in Europe. From 1993 to 1997, he divided his time between running Baltic Images, a company he founded in Lithuania, and consulting for NEC Research Institute. Between 1997 and 1999, he was employed by Signafy Inc. where he was jointly responsible for the design, implementation, and testing of state-of-the-art video watermarking technologies. He was also a key participant of NEC's and later Galaxy's DVD watermarking proposals. He is currently a scientist at NEC Research Institute.

Jeffrey A Bloom has been working in the field of digital watermarking research since 1998 at Signafy, Inc. and later at NEC Research Institute. He was jointly responsible for advanced image and video watermarking technologies at Signafy and participated in the development of the NEC and Galaxy DVD video watermarking proposals. He has given numerous invited talks on digital watermarking to industry, academic, and government groups. He joined the Sarnoff Corporation in 2000 where he leads Sarnoff's watermarking R&D efforts.

Dr. Bloom holds B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and a Ph.D. from the University of California, Davis. He has expertise in the areas of signal and image processing, image and video compression, and human visual models. His current research interests include digital watermarking, digital rights management, machine learning, and data mining. He is a member of IEEE and Sigma Xi.